Ọnwụ nke vitamin n'oge nhazi nri anụ ụlọ
Maka protein, carbohydrates, abụba, na mineral, nhazi nwere mmetụta dị nta na bioavailability ha, ebe ọtụtụ vitamin adịghị eguzosi ike na ngwa ngwa oxidized, decomed, bibie, ma ọ bụ furu efu, ya mere nhazi ga-emetụta ngwaahịa ha.Ọ nwere mmetụta ka ukwuu;na n'ime usoro nchekwa nri, mfu nke vitamin na-ejikọta ya na akara nke ihe nkwakọba ihe, ndụ nchekwa, na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ.
N'ime usoro extrusion na nfụkasị ahụ, enweghị ọrụ nke vitamin ga-eme, mfu nke vitamin E na-edozi abụba nwere ike iru 70%, na ọnwụ nke vitamin K nwere ike iru 60%;vitamin ọnwụ nke extruded nri anụ ụlọ bụkwa dịtụ buru ibu n'oge nchekwa, na mfu nke abụba-soluble vitamin dị ukwuu karịa nke B vitamin otu B vitamin, vitamin A na vitamin D3 na-efunahụ ihe dị ka 8% na 4% kwa ọnwa;na vitamin B na-efunahụ ihe dịka 2% ruo 4% kwa ọnwa.
N'oge usoro extrusion, 10% ~ 15% nke vitamin na pigmenti na-efunahụ nkezi.Njide vitamin na-adabere na nhazi ihe eji eme ihe, nkwadebe na okpomọkụ mgbasawanye, mmiri mmiri, oge njigide, wdg. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-eji ihe mgbakwunye dị ukwuu mee ihe iji kwụọ ụgwọ, a pụkwara iji ụdị vitamin C siri ike mee ihe, iji belata vitamin n'oge nhazi na nchekwa. .
Kedu ka esi belata mfu nke vitamin n'oge nhazi?
1. Gbanwee usoro kemịkalụ nke ụfọdụ vitamin iji mee ka ha nwee ogige siri ike;dị ka thiamine mononitrate kama ụdị isi ya n'efu, esters nke retinol (acetate ma ọ bụ palmitate), tocopherol Dochie mmanya na ascorbic acid phosphate n'ọnọdụ ascorbic acid.
2. A na-eme vitamin na microcapsules dị ka otu ụzọ.N'ụzọ dị otú a, vitamin nwere mma kwụsie ike na ike welie dispersibility nke vitamin na agwakọta nri.Enwere ike imeju vitamin na gelatin, starch, na glycerin (a na-ejikarị antioxidants eme ihe) ma ọ bụ fesa n'ime microcapsules, na-esote mkpuchi nke starch.Enwere ike ịkwalite nchebe nke vitamin n'oge nhazi site na ijikwa microcapsules ọzọ, dịka site na ikpo ọkụ iji mee ka microcapsules sie ike (nke a na-akpọkarị microcapsules jikọtara ya).Enwere ike imeta njikọ site na mmeghachi omume Maillard ma ọ bụ ụzọ kemịkal ọzọ.Ọtụtụ n'ime vitamin A nke ndị America na-emepụta nri anụ ụlọ na-eji bụ microcapsules jikọtara ọnụ.Maka ọtụtụ vitamin B, a na-eji ihicha mmiri na-eme ka nkwụsi ike ha dịkwuo elu ma mepụta ntụ ntụ na-asọ oyi.
3. Inactivation nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ vitamin niile na-eme n'oge usoro extrusion nke nri anụ ụlọ, na mfu nke vitamin na nri mkpọ bụ kpọmkwem na okpomọkụ na nhazi na oge nke free metal ion.Ọnwụ na ihicha na mkpuchi (ịgbakwunye abụba ma ọ bụ itinye n'elu ngwaahịa akpọnwụ akpọnwụ) na-adaberekwa na oge na okpomọkụ.
N'oge nchekwa, ọdịnaya mmiri, okpomọkụ, pH na ion metal na-arụ ọrụ na-emetụta ọnụọgụ vitamin na-efunahụ.Inwe ụdị mineral dị obere dị ka chelates, oxides ma ọ bụ carbonates nwere ike ibelata mfu nke ọtụtụ vitamin ma e jiri ya tụnyere mineral na sulfate ma ọ bụ ụdị efu..Ígwè, ọla kọpa na zinc bụ ndị a ma ama n'ịkwalite mmeghachi omume Fenton na ọgbọ nke free radicals.Ogige ndị a nwere ike ịchụpụ free radicals iji belata vitamin ọnwụ.Ichebe abụba nri site na oxidation bụ ihe dị mkpa na-ebelata mmepụta nke radicals na nri.Mgbakwunye nke chelating agents dị ka ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phosphoric acid, ma ọ bụ sịntetik antioxidants dị ka di-tert-butyl-p-cresol na abụba nwere ike ibelata ọgbọ nke free radicals.
Oge nzipu: Jun-16-2022